The Role Played by the International Force for East Timor in the East T

The Role Played by the International Force for due east Timor (INTERFET) in the East Timorese Efforts to Achieve IndependenceIntroductionEast Timor (also called Timor-Leste in Portuguese) is a country in Southeast Asia. It was a Portuguese colony from the 16th century up until Portugals decolonisation in 1975. In 1976 Timor-Leste was invaded by Indonesia who sought to expand its territory. This lead to the development of long guerrilla warfare between the East Timorese who wanted their independence and the Indonesian troops who suppressed the East Timorese efforts to independence. This struggle for independence lasted from 1976 until 1999. This led to the deaths of a third of the East Timorese people due to conflict related causes. Following the fall of Indonesian President Suharto, the UN endorsed an agreement between Indonesia and Timor-Leste. Indonesia agreed to, albeit reluctantly, hold a referendum in Timor-Leste for independence or integration into Indonesia. This referendum was held in August 1999 and it was supervised by the UN. The votes in favour of independence were in the majority. However, the referendum was followed by a violent reaction by the pro-integrationist East Timorese population, which were supported by Indonesian elements. The internationalist community was very much appalled by the violence following the referendum and there was a pitch in the international climate in terms of humanitarian intervention following NATOs intervention in Kosovo, the UNs failure to act in Rwanda, and also the inaction of the international community in Bosnia. The change of international climate led to decisive action for Timor-Leste. Under the aegis of Australia, Indonesia reluctantly consented to the international pe... ...tribution to Asia-Pacific security architecture, Pacific Review St Antonys College, Oxford, 2003. 2. Taylor, John G. East Timor the price of freedom ( Zed Books) 19993. Vincent, R. J. Non-intervention and International Order. Princ eton Princeton University Press, 1974. Online sources 1.Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade country/ providence fact sheet on East Timor, Canberra, (Website). www.dfat.gov.au. 2.Kofi Annan, Two concepts of sovereignty, The Economist, 18 Sept. 1999, pp81-2 at p. 82.3.Operation Astute, Timor-Leste, Department of Defence, Canberra, (Website) www.defence.gov.au. 4.Security Council Authorizes Multinational forces In East Timor http//www.un.org/ news/Press/docs/1999/19990915.sc6727.doc.html. 5.United Nations Security Council Resolution 1272 S-RES-1272(1999) in 1999 (retrieved 2008-04-12)